This climate change forced humans to move into the lush mountain valleys and oases | Crown Prince Salman also served as Minister of Defense |
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Many of the ideas and methods pioneered by Muslim scholars became the foundation of modern sciences | The Islamic Empire thrived well into the 17th century, when it broke up into smaller Muslim kingdoms |
No longer able to survive as hunter-gatherers, they had to develop another means of survival.
River systems also disappeared, leaving in their wake the dry river beds wadis that are found in the peninsula today | For his humanitarian services, he has been awarded many medals and decorations, including awards from Bahrain, Bosnia and Herzegovina, France, Morocco, Palestine, the Philippines, Senegal, the United Nations, Yemen, and the King Abdulaziz Medal - First Class |
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Under Turki and his son, Faisal, the Second Saudi State enjoyed a period of peace and prosperity, and trade and agriculture flourished | Abdul Wahhab was initially persecuted by local religious scholars and leaders who viewed his teachings as a threat to their power bases |
In that spirit, bin Saud established the First Saudi State, which prospered under the spiritual guidance of bin Abdul Wahhab, known simply as the Shaikh.
Throughout the turbulent period of the 1960s and 1970s, which included two Arab-Israeli wars and the oil crisis of 1973, King Faisal was a voice for moderation, peace and stability | The Modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia The young Abdulaziz was determined to regain his patrimony from the Al-Rashid family, which had taken over Riyadh and established a governor and garrison there |
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The people of the peninsula developed a complex network of trade routes to transport agricultural goods highly sought after in Mesopotamia, the Nile Valley and the Mediterranean Basin | He hosted a meeting of Lebanese members of parliament in Taif, Saudi Arabia in 1989 |
As Crown Prince, he traveled widely in the Kingdom and inaugurated a number of projects throughout the country.
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