تأسست دولة الصين الشعبية عام. بماذا تشتهر الصين

Then in 1004, the swept over the exposed and reached the outskirts of , forcing the Song's submission and then agreement to the , which imposed heavy annual tributes from the Song treasury The Yuan dynasty became the first in Chinese history to rule the entire and as an
This was compounded by mass flooding of the ; silt buildup caused it to split into two channels and displaced large numbers of farmers In the north, the last of the Sixteen Kingdoms was extinguished in 439 by the , a kingdom founded by the , a nomadic people who unified northern China

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In 960, the was founded by , with its capital established in also known as.

تاريخ جمهورية الصين
The court in desperation empowered Han Chinese officials such as to raise local armies
جمهورية الصين الشعبية (1949
A on top of an arch crossing street tower , is a common form of architecture during Yuan period
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8 percent in 1904 to 13
Chinese merchants explored all of the Indian Ocean, reaching East Africa with the The , advised by , then launched a comprehensive reform effort, the 1898
Each of these Southern dynasties were led by Han Chinese ruling families and used modern Nanjing as the capital City views of Song dynasty from paintings

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The 1644—1911 was the last imperial dynasty in China.

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fought with the Ming in the in 1633 and lost, and eventually surrendered to the Ming loyalist in 1662, after the fall of the Ming dynasty
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However, the reform was undermined by official rivalries, cynicism, and quarrels within the imperial family
جمهورية الصين الشعبية (1949
On the other hand, the Mongol rulers also adopted flexibly to a variety of cultures from many advanced civilizations within the